This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
Antiresorptive pharmacologic interventions for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis
are discussed. These interventions include estrogen; calcitonin; biphosphonates; and
selective estrogen receptor modulators and their use in postmenopausal osteoporosis,
steroid-induced osteoporosis, and osteoporosis in men. The effects of antiresorptive
therapy on bone mineral density, biomarkers of bone turnover, and fracture risk are
discussed.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribers receive full online access to your subscription and archive of back issues up to and including 2002.
Content published before 2002 is available via pay-per-view purchase only.
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Clinics in Laboratory MedicineAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Intermittent etidronate therapy to prevent corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.N Engl J Med. 1997; 337: 382-387
- The long term effects of estrogen therapy on bone mineral density: Evidence from the National Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (NORA) Program.Bone. 1998; 23: S390
- Estrogen replacement therapy and fractures in older women.Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122: 9-16
- Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women.N Engl J Med. 1992; 327: 1637-1642
- Histomorphometric assessment of the long term effects of alendronate on bone quality and remodeling in patient with osteoporosis.J Clin Invest. 1997; 100: 1475-1480
- Risedronate therapy prevents corticosteroid-induced bone loss.Arthritis Rheum. 1999; 42: 2309-2318
- Bone density at various sites for prediction of hip fracture.Lancet. 1993; 271: 72-75
- Effect of vitamin D supplementation on wintertime and overall bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women.Ann Intern Med. 1991; 115: 505-512
- Hip fracture prediction in the elderly men and women: Validation in the Rotterdam study.J Bone Miner Res. 1998; 13: 1587-1593
- Effects of raloxifene on bone mineral density, serum cholesterol concentrations, and uterine endometrium in postmenopausal women.N Engl J Med. 1997; 337: 1641-1647
- Exploiting and bypassing the bone remodeling cycle to optimize the treatment of osteoporosis.J Bone Miner Res. 1997; 12: 1152-1154
- Bone mineral content of amenorrheic and eumenorrheic athletes.N Engl J Med. 1984; 311: 277-281
- Normal and pathological remodeling of human trabecular bone: Three dimensional reconstruction of the remodeling sequence in normals and in metabolic bone disease.Endocr Rev. 1986; 7: 379-408
- Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene.JAMA. 1999; 282: 637-645
- Alendronate mechanism of action: Geranylgeraniol, an intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, prevents inhibition of osteoclast formation, bone resorption and kinase activation in vitro.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999; 96: 133-138
- New bisphosphonates in osteoporosis.Osteoporos Int. 1993; 2: 15S-22S
- Bone remodeling and its relationship to metabolic bone disease.in: Frame B. Parfitt A.M. Duncan H. Clinical Aspects of Metabolic Bone Disease. Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam1973: 124-137
- Cyclic administration of pamidronate in children with severe osteogenesis imperfecta.N Engl J Med. 1998; 339: 947-952
- Ultrasonographic heel measurements to predict hip fracture in elderly women. The EPIDOS prospective study.Lancet. 1996; 348: 511-514
- Cyclical etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis - 4 year experience.Am J Med. 1993; 95: 557-567
- The bone-remodeling transient: Implications for the interpretation of clinical studies of bone mass change.J Bone Miner Res. 1994; 9: 1515-1523
- Larger increases in bone mineral density during alendronate therapy are associated with a lower risk of new vertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.Arthritis Rheum. 1999; 42: 1246-1254
- Prevention of bone loss with alendronate in postmenopausal women under 60 years of age.N Engl J Med. 1998; 338: 485-492
- Short-term and long-term fracture prediction by bone mass measurements: A prospective study.J Bone Miner Res. 1998; 13: 107-113
- Age and bone mass as predictors of fracture in a prospective study.J Clin Invest. 1988; 81: 1804-1809
- Diagnosis of osteoporosis.Osteoporos Int. 1997; 7: S108-S116
- Hip fracture and the use of estrogens in postmenopausal women.N Engl J Med. 1987; 317: 1169-1171
- Risk assessment using bone mineral density determination.Osteoporos Int. 1998; 8: 28-31
- Long-term prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis by oestrogen.Lancet. 1976; 1: 1038-1040
- Osteogenesis imperfecta - managing brittle bones.N Engl J Med. 1998; 339: 986-987
- Alendronate prevents postmenopausal bone loss in women without osteoporosis.Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128: 253-261
- Bone density and fracture risk in men.J Bone Miner Res. 1998; 13: 1915-1923
- Determinants of bone loss from the femoral neck in women of different ages.J Bone Miner Res. 2000; 15: 24-31
- Long-term fracture prediction by bone mineral assessed at different skeletal sites.J Bone Miner Res. 1993; 8: 1227-1233
- Efficacy and safety of cyclical etidronate therapy in the long-term treatment of osteoporosis.Rev Contemp Pharmacother. 1998; 9: 255-260
- Practical clinical application of biochemical markers of bone turnover.J Clin Densitometry. 1999; 2: 323-342
- Clinical application of bone densitometry.in: Favus M. Primer on the Metabolic Bone Diseases and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism. ed 4. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia1999: 152-159
- Cyclical etidronate in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis: Efficacy and safety after seven years of treatment.Am J Med. 1997; 103: 468-476
- Alendronate treatment of osteoporosis in men.J Bone Miner Res. 1999; 14: S184
- Does estrogen adequately protect postmenopausal women against osteoporosis: An iconoclastic perspective.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999; 84: 1872-1874
- A new model for the regulation of bone resorption with particular reference to the effects of bisphosphonates.J Bone Miner Res. 1996; 11: 150-159
- Majority of hip fractures occur as a result of a fall and impact on the greater trochanter of the femur: A prospective controlled hip fracture study with 206 consecutive patients.Calcif Tissue Int. 1999; 65: 183-187
- Effect of first treatment with aminobisphosphonates pamidronate and ibandronate on circulating lymphocyte subpopulations.J Bone Miner Res. 2000; 15: 147-154
- Cyclical pamidronate infusions in postmenopausal osteoporosis.Maturitas. 1996; 25: 69-75
- Correcting calcium nutritional deficiency prevents spine fractures in elderly women.J Bone Miner Res. 1996; 11: 1961-1966
- Prevention of steroid-induced osteoporosis with (3-amino-l-hydroxypropylidene)-l, 1-bisphosphonate (APD).Lancet. 1988; i: 143-146
- Incidence of hip fractures in osteoporotic women treated with sodium fluoride.J Bone Miner Res. 1987; 2: 123-126
- Low bone mass and fast rate of bone loss at menopause: Equal risk factors for future fracture: A 15-year follow-up study.Bone. 1996; 19: 9-12
- Bone mass homeostasis and bisphosphonate action.Bone. 1997; 20: 1-4
- Osteoporosis after organ transplantation.Am J Med. 1998; 104: 459-469
- Bisphosphonates are incorporated into adenine nucleotides by human amino-acyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes.Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996; 224: 863-869
- Molecular mechanisms of action of bisphosphonates.Bone. 1999; 24: 73S-79S
- Treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: Alendronate vs intranasal calcitonin.J Bone Miner Res. 1999; 14: S399
- Pre-existing fractures and bone mass predict vertebral fracture incidence in women.Ann Intern Med. 1991; 114: 919-923
- Alendronate for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.N Engl J Med. 1998; 339: 292-299
- Age- and gender-specific rate of fracture in Australia: A population based study.Osteoporos Int. 1999; 10: 240-247
- Salmon calcitonin nasal spray (NS-CT) reduces risk of vertebral fracture(s) in established osteoporosis and has continuing efficacy with prolonged treatment: Accrued 5 year worldwide data of the PROOF study.Bone. 1998; 23: S174
- Increments in bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and hip and suppression of bone turnover are maintained after discontinuation of alendronate in postmenopausal women.Am J Med. 1997; 103: 291-297
- Effect of intermittent cyclical etidronate therapy on bone mass and fracture rate in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis.N Engl J Med. 1990; 332: 1265-1271
- Changes in cortical width with bone turnover in the three different endosteal envelopes of the ilium in postmenopausal osteoporosis.Bone. 1999; 25: 493-499
- Effects of hormone therapy on bone mineral density.JAMA. 1996; 276: 1389-1396
- Bone mass measurement: Prediction of risk.Am J Med. 1993; 95: 6S-10S
- Antifracture efficacy of antiresportive agents are related to changes in bone density.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000; 85: 1-6
- Intermittent cyclic etidronate treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.N Engl J Med. 1990; 323: 73-79
- Inhibition of osteoblastogenesis and promotion of apoptosis of osteoblasts and osteocytes by glucocorticoids.J Clin Invest. 1998; 102: 274-282
Article info
Identification
Copyright
© 2000 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.