Primary prevention of breast cancer requires identification and elimination of cancer-causing
agents, which is an incredibly difficult task to follow. Secondary prevention involves
screening individuals who are at increased risk for breast cancer in hopes that early
intervention will affect survival. In the 1980s, chemoprevention received serious
attention. This approach was aimed at reducing cancer risk by administration of natural
or synthetic clinical compounds that prevent, reverse, or suppress carcinogenesis
in individuals at increased risk for cancer [
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
]. It was not until 1998, however, when the first report from the National Surgical
Adjunct Breast and Bowel Project (Breast Cancer Prevention Trial BCPT; P-1) randomized
clinical trail appeared in the literature supporting the hypothesis that breast cancer
can be prevented. This study showed that administration of tamoxifen reduced the risk
for invasive and noninvasive breast cancer by almost 50% in all age groups. In addition,
the breast cancer risk was reduced in women with a history of lobular carcinoma in
situ (56%) or atypical hyperplasia (86%). The conclusion of this study was that tamoxifen
as a chemopreventive agent is appropriate for many women with increased risk for breast
cancer [
[7]
].To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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