Fine needle aspiration (FNA) has become a popular and well-accepted method for evaluation
of breast masses for many reasons. One of the central aspects prompting its acceptance
is the fact that the classic criteria of malignancy are readily identifiable in most
of the common carcinomas of the breasts. Thus, a definitive malignant diagnosis is
fairly straightforward in the majority of cases.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribers receive full online access to your subscription and archive of back issues up to and including 2002.
Content published before 2002 is available via pay-per-view purchase only.
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Clinics in Laboratory MedicineAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- The uniform approach to breast fine needle aspiration biopsy. A synopsis.Acta Cytol. 1996; 40: 1120-1126
- Diagnostic reliabilitly of combined physical examination, mammography, and fine-needle puncture (“triple-test”) in breast tumors: a prospective study.Cancer. 1987; 60: 1866-1871
- The triple test: a cost-effective tool.Lab Med. 1994; 25: 715-719
- Combined fine-needle aspiration, physical examination and mammography in the diagnosis of palpable breast masses: their relation to outcome for women with primary breast cancer.Can J Surg. 1996; 39: 302-311
American College of Radiology. Breast imaging and reporting and data system (BI-RADS) atlas. 4th edition. American College of Radiology; Reston, VA, 2003.
Breast FNA practice guidelines. Available at: http://www.cytopathology.org/guidelines. Accessed September 28, 2005.
- Breast fine-needle aspiration: a comparison of ThinPrep and conventional smears.Am J Clin Pathol. 2000; 113: 312-314
- Interpretation of fine-needle aspirates processed by the ThinPrep technique: cytologic artifacts and diagnostic pitfalls.Diagn Cytopathol. 2000; 23: 6-13
- Breast fine-needle aspiration, a comparison of thin-layer and conventional preparation.Am J Clin Pathol. 1994; 102: 349-353
- Liquid-based cytology in breast fine needle aspiration: comparison with the conventional smear.Acta Cytol. 2003; 47: 188-192
- Standardization of fine needle aspiration cytology of the breast: comparison of AutoCyte Fix and conventional smears.Cytopathology. 2003; 14: 79-83
- Stromal infiltration as a predictor of tumor invasion in breast fine-needle aspiration biopsy.Diagn Cytopathol. 2004; 30: 182-186
- Prediction of invasiveness by aspiration cytology applied to nonpalpable breast carcinoma and tested in 300 cases.Diagn Cytopathol. 1997; 17: 315-320
- Cytologic diagnosis and grading of ductal carcinoma in situ.Cancer. 1999; 87: 203-209
- Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the breast: invasive vs. in situ carcinoma.Diagn Cytopathol. 2001; 25: 73-77
- The cytopathology of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. A detailed analysis of fine needle aspiration cytology of 58 cases compared with 101 invasive ductal carcinomas.Cytopathology. 2001; 12: 107-119
- Cytoplasmic vacuolation, intracytoplasmic lumina, and DPAS staining in ductal carcinoma of the breast.Diagn Cytopathol. 2003; 28: 291-294
- Can FNA biopsy separate atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive carcinoma of the breast? Cytomorphologic criteria and limitations in diagnosis.Diagn Cytopathol. 1993; 9: 713-728
- Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: incidence and variants.Histopathology. 1979; 3: 467-488
- Cytodiagnosis of lobular carcinoma and its variants.Acta Cytol. 1992; 36: 199-202
- Lobular carcinoma of the breast: cytological features supporting the diagnosis of lobular carcinoma.Diagn Cytopathol. 1995; 13: 196-201
- Fine needle aspiration cytology of pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast. Comparison with the classic type.Cancer. 1997; 81: 29-32
- Cytologic features of ductal and lobular carcinoma in fine needle aspirates of the breast.Acta Cytol. 1997; 41: 333-340
- Undetected invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast: review of false-negative smears.Diagn Cytopathol. 2000; 23: 303-307
- Cellularity of lobular carcinoma and its relationship to false negative fine needle aspiration results.Acta Cytol. 2000; 44: 625-632
- Cytologic appearances in invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. A study of 21 cases.Acta Cytol. 2000; 44: 169-174
- Fine needle aspiration cytology of lobular breast carcinoma. Comparison with other breast lesions.Acta Cytol. 2003; 47: 177-182
- Cytologic diagnosis of ductal versus lobular carcinoma of the breast.Acta Cytol. 1995; 39: 865-869
- Fine-needle aspiration cytology of lobular carcinoma in situ.Diagn Cytopathol. 2002; 27: 22-26
- Current issues in breast cytopathology.Am J Clin Pathol. 2000; 113: S49-S75
- Aspiration cytology of tubular carcinoma: diagnostic features with mammographic correlation.Am J Clin Pathol. 1994; 101: 488-492
- Cytologic features of tubular adenocarcinoma of the breast by aspiration biopsy.Diagn Cytopathol. 2001; 25: 311-315
- Diagnosis and subclassification of breast carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy: results of the interlaboratory comparison program in non-gynecologic cytopathology.Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002; 126: 1453-1457
- Cytologic criteria for fibroadenoma. A stepwise logistic regression analysis.Am J Clin Pathol. 1988; 89: 707-713
- Breast carcinoma simulating fibroadenoma or fibrocystic change by fine needle aspiration.Am J Clin Pathol. 1992; 98: 155-160
- Papillary carcinoma of the breast.Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1986; 110: 189-191
- Benign and malignant papillary lesions of the breast: a cytomorphologic study.Am J Clin Pathol. 1994; 101: 500-507
- Benign versus malignant papillary neoplasms of the breast: diagnostic clues in fine needle aspiration cytology.Acta Cytol. 1994; 38: 23-38
- Papillary neoplasm of the breast: fine needle aspiration findings in cystic and solid cases.Diagn Cytopathol. 1994; 10: 336-341
- Papillary carcinoma of the breast: cytologic study of nine cases.Acta Cytol. 1999; 43: 767-770
- Mammary lesions diagnoses as “papillary” by aspiration biopsy: 70 cases with follow-up.Cancer. 2003; 99: 156-165
- Fine needle aspiration of mucinous (colloid) breast carcinoma. Nuclear grading and mammographic and cytologic findings.Acta Cytol. 1998; 42: 668-672
- Fine-needle aspiration cytology of mucocelelike tumors of the breast.Am J Surg Pathol. 1999; 23: 552-559
- Comparative cytology of mucocelelike lesion and mucinous carcinoma of the breast in fine needle aspiration.Acta Cytol. 2000; 44: 765-770
- Aspiration biopsy of mammary lesions with abundant extracellular mucinous material: review of 43 cases with surgical follow-up.Am J Clin Pathol. 2003; 120: 194-202
- Benign mucocele-like lesion of the breast: how to differentiate from mucinous carcinoma before surgery.Cytopathology. 2004; 15: 104-108
- Additional mimics of mucinous mammary carcinoma: fibroepithelial lesions.Am J Clin Pathol. 1998; 109: 169-172
- Preoperative aspiration cytology of breast tumors.Acta Cytol. 1986; 30: 135-146
- Histological grading and prognosis in breast cancer.Br J Cancer. 1957; 11: 359-377
- Pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer. The value of histological grade in breast cancer: experience from a large study with long-term follow-up.Histopathology. 1991; 19: 403-410
- Histological typing of breast tumors.World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland)1968 (p. 13–20)
- Application of the Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading system to fine-needle aspirates of the breast.Am J Clin Pathol. 1994; 101: 262-265
- Prognostic factors from the fine-needle aspirate: breast carcinoma nuclear grade.Diagn Cytopathol. 1995; 12: 191-193
- Pathologic findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast Project (Protocol 4): discriminants for 15 year survival.Cancer. 1993; 71: 2141-2150
- Cytopathological grading as a predictor of histopathological grade in ductal carcinoma (NOS) of breast on air-dried Diff-Quik smears.Diagn Cytopathol. 2003; 29: 185-193
- The influence of the wet-fixed papaniocoalu and the air-dried Giemsa techniques on nuclear parameters in breast cacner cytology: a cytomorphometric study.Diagn Cytopathol. 1987; 3: 256-261
- Cytological grading of breast carcinoma—a feasible proposition?.Cytopathology. 1990; 1: 287-295
- Current issues in fine needle aspiration of the breast: cytologic features of in-situ lobular and ductal carcinomas and clinical implications of nuclear grading.Cytopathology Annual. 1992; 2: 161-171
- Comparison of nuclear grade and DNA cytometry in breast carcinoma aspirates to histologic grade in excised cancers.Am J Clin Pathol. 1993; 99: 708-713
- Prognostic value of cytological grading of fine-needle aspirates from breast carcinomas.Lancet. 1994; 343: 947-949
- Simplified nuclear grading of fine-needle aspirates of breast carcinoma: concordance with corresponding histologic nuclear grading and flow cytometric data.Diagn Cytopathol. 1994; 11: 124-130
- Nuclear grading in invasive ductal breast carcinomas.Cancer Detect Prev. 2000; 24: 224-227
- Cytological grading of breast cancer in Giemsa-stained fine needle aspiration smears.Cytopathology. 2001; 12: 15-25
- Value of fine needle aspiration in the diagnosis of breast lesions.Acta Cytol. 1999; 43: 587-592
- Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of breast masses: an additional experience with 1153 cases (1985–1988) and a meta-analysis.Cancer. 1992; 69: 736-740
- Aspiration cytology of cystic carcinoma of the breast.Diagn Cytopathol. 2003; 28: 39-44
- Intracystic carcinoma of the breast.Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1958; 106: 347-352
- Intracystic carcinoma of the female breast.Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1967; 124: 93-98
- Medullary carcinoma of the breast: an unusual cytologic finding in cyst fluid aspirates.Cancer. 1990; 65: 277-282
- Equivocal diagnoses in breast aspiration biopsy cytology: sources of uncertainty and role of “atypical/indeterminate” terminology.Diagn Cytopathol. 1999; 21: 217-222
- Masquerades of malignancy: a review of 4241 aspirates from the breast.Acta Cytol. 1981; 25: 263-266
- Fine needle aspiration of the breast: a review of 1995 cases with emphasis on diagnostic pitfalls.Diagn Cytopathol. 1993; 9: 106-112
- The spectrum of the “gray zone” in breast cytology: a review of 186 cases of atypical and suspicious cytology.Acta Cytol. 1994; 38: 898-908
- Analysis of false results in a series of 835 fine needle aspirates of breast lesions.Acta Cytol. 1995; 39: 858-864
- Diagnostic terminology in fine needle aspiration biopsy of the breast.Cancer. 1999; 87: 19-24
- An audit of equivocal (C3) and suspicious (C4) categories in fine needle aspiration cytology of the breast.Cytopathology. 2001; 12: 219-226
- The gray zone in breast fine needle aspiration cytology: hot to report on it?.Acta Cytol. 2002; 46: 513-518
- Fine needle aspiration of the breast: a probabilistic approach to diagnosis of carcinoma.Acta Cytol. 1998; 42: 285-289
- Probabilistic approach to the reporting of fine-needle aspiration cytology of the breast.Cancer. 1997; 81: 6-9
- Accuracy and consistency in application of a probabilistic approach to reporting breasat fine needle aspiration.Acta Cytol. 2003; 47: 973-978
- The significance of the diagnosis of atypical in breast fine-needle aspiration.Diagn Cytopathol. 2004; 31: 285-288
Gornstein B, Jacobs T, Bedard Y, et al. Interobserver agreement of a probabilistic approach to reporting. Diagn Cytopathol 2004;30:389–95.
- Atypical and suspicious diagnoses in breast aspiration cytology.Cancer. 2004; 102: 164-167
Article info
Identification
Copyright
© 2005 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
