Standardized and uniformly accepted approaches in the handling and reporting of tumor-containing
surgical specimens are an essential requirement to enable comparisons across patient
populations in evaluating and verifying pathologic prognostic and predictive factors.
Pathologic protocols need to be updated in a timely fashion according to new staging
systems. To be useful, a pathologic handling and reporting protocol must be simple
and practical, and should provide, accurately and clearly, all of the essential information
for staging and planning surveillance and treatment protocols. This article provides
an overview of pathologic prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with emphasis
on the established factors that contribute to the current staging system. It is followed
by recommendations for handing and reporting kidney specimens that contain RCC, including
radical and partial nephrectomy, needle core biopsy, and morcellated specimens. Finally,
suggestions are given about the intraoperative reporting of frozen sections.
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