The ubiquitous pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae cause a wide spectrum of community-acquired infections, including sinusitis, acute
exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, otitis media, bacteremia, and meningitis.
The advent and widespread use of the protein-conjugated type b capsular polysaccharide
H influenzae vaccine in children has largely eliminated the risk of life-threatening infections
due to encapsulated type b strains [
[1]
], but localized infections caused by nonencapsulated H influenzae strains remain common. The introduction in the United States of a seven-valent protein-conjugated
capsular polysaccharide S pneumoniae vaccine in children in 2000 has resulted in a 29% decrease in the incidence of invasive
pneumococcal disease overall in 2001 compared with 1998 to 1999, and a 35% decrease
in penicillin nonsusceptible strains [
- Black S.B
- Shinefield H.R
Immunization with oligosaccharide conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b (HbOC) vaccine on a large health maintenance organization population: extended
follow-up and impact on Haemophilus influenzae disease epidemiology. The Kaiser Permanente Pediatric Vaccine Study Group.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992; 11: 610-613
[2]
]. Although the greatest decrease in invasive pneumococcal disease during this period
occurred in children under 2 years of age (69%), the incidence of this disease also
fell significantly for adults, being 32% lower for adults 20 to 39 years of age, 8%
lower for those 40 to 64 years of age, and 18% lower for those ≥65 years of age [
[2]
].To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Footnotes
☆Financial support for this work was provided by Glaxo SmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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© 2004 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
