Changes in demography and lifestyle and various adverse events are major factors that
enhance epidemics [
[1]
]. Yet microbes are not idle bystanders. They are constantly evolving. Microbial evolution
is driven by mutations and underlying mechanisms of genetic exchange, which also play
an important role in the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases. The re-emergence
of streptococcal disease is considered within this context. Investigators are pursuing
molecular studies to explore the possible genetic relationship between the recent
re-emerging, virulent group A streptococci (GAS) and streptococci that caused widespread
epidemics of severe scarlet fever in an earlier era.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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© 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
