Acquired immunodeficiency disease is caused by HIV. HIV types 1 and 2 are members
of the Lentivirus genus of the Retroviridae family. HIV-1 is found throughout the world, whereas HIV-2
is still found predominately in West Africa. Although these viruses have replication
processes characteristic of the Retroviridae family, marked by single-stranded RNA
genome, and replication through reverse transcription and integration, HIV is a new
pathogen that seems to have emerged in the twentieth century, likely from cross-species
infection from chimpanzees in Africa [
1
,
2
]. In contrast to other retroviruses, however, HIV has evolved a variety of accessory
genes that can modulate HIV replication. Some of these genes seem to confer abilities
to establish persistent infection and to control exuberant replication that may more
rapidly cause disease and death in the host.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Footnotes
☆This work is supported by the James McLaughlin Fellowship Fund and by Public Health Service grants R24 59656, R01 38414, and R21 46250.
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© 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
