Human immunodeficiency virus has been recognized as a significant human pathogen for
at least two decades and continues to pose persistent challenges to prevention and
treatment efforts. Press releases and epidemiologic studies have documented its penetration
into every corner of the globe with by far the highest infection burden in sub-Saharan
Africa. Worrisome data from the densely populated regions of the Indian subcontinent,
Southeast Asia, and China suggest relatively unchecked expansion. This pandemic has
impacted all levels of society, but possibly none as seriously as our future hope:
infants, children, and young adults. Some communities in sub-Saharan Africa have been
documented with rates of infection among women of child-bearing age as high as 25%
to 35%, which also happens to be the approximate risk for HIV transmission from mother
to newborn.
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© 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
